薄層膠漿封層技術在道路養護中的應用
發布時間 :2016-09-02 16:38:16 瀏覽量:11
道路(lu)(lu)(lu)在(zai)使用一段時間后,由于受到(dao)車輛(liang)荷載的反復作用和光照、雨雪(xue)等環境(jing)的侵蝕(shi),瀝(li)青路(lu)(lu)(lu)面(mian)(mian)將會出現(xian)疲勞(lao)裂縫(feng)、剝(bo)落、滲水(shui)等輕微早期(qi)病害(hai),若(ruo)不及時處理,路(lu)(lu)(lu)表水(shui)會經由路(lu)(lu)(lu)面(mian)(mian)裂縫(feng)或破損處進入到(dao)路(lu)(lu)(lu)面(mian)(mian)下層(ceng)(ceng),加快路(lu)(lu)(lu)面(mian)(mian)的損壞,導(dao)致網(wang)裂、碎裂、坑槽等更深(shen)層(ceng)(ceng)次的路(lu)(lu)(lu)面(mian)(mian)病害(hai)發生(sheng)。
目前(qian)為(wei)(wei)避免路(lu)(lu)面(mian)(mian)早期病害的(de)(de)(de)發生(sheng)(sheng),常(chang)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)微表(biao)處、霧(wu)(wu)封(feng)(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、稀(xi)漿(jiang)(jiang)封(feng)(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)等(deng)技(ji)術(shu)進行(xing)道(dao)(dao)(dao)路(lu)(lu)預(yu)防性養(yang)(yang)(yang)護(hu),但傳統的(de)(de)(de)微表(biao)處路(lu)(lu)面(mian)(mian)在(zai)(zai)車(che)輛行(xing)駛時(shi)噪聲(sheng)大,使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)過(guo)程中容易產生(sheng)(sheng)“脫(tuo)皮”現象(xiang)且(qie)難以(yi)修(xiu)復(fu);霧(wu)(wu)封(feng)(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)路(lu)(lu)面(mian)(mian)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)一定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)抗滑性問題(ti)且(qie)壽(shou)命(ming)短(duan)(duan);稀(xi)漿(jiang)(jiang)封(feng)(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)對(dui)于高(gao)(gao)等(deng)級路(lu)(lu)面(mian)(mian)修(xiu)復(fu)效果不佳。市政(zheng)道(dao)(dao)(dao)路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)顯著特點為(wei)(wei)車(che)流量大,且(qie)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)大量沙井蓋和(he)側(ce)平石(shi)等(deng)道(dao)(dao)(dao)路(lu)(lu)結構(gou)(gou)物,以(yi)至于采用(yong)(yong)(yong)一般預(yu)防性養(yang)(yang)(yang)護(hu)技(ji)術(shu)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)一定(ding)(ding)困難。采用(yong)(yong)(yong)厚(hou)度為(wei)(wei)0.1~0.3 mm的(de)(de)(de)霧(wu)(wu)封(feng)(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、還(huan)原劑封(feng)(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)技(ji)術(shu),因材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)中沒有(you)細集料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao),使(shi)過(guo)于薄(bo)的(de)(de)(de)瀝青膜耐久性變差,使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)周期不到1年,壽(shou)命(ming)極短(duan)(duan);而采用(yong)(yong)(yong)稀(xi)漿(jiang)(jiang)封(feng)(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、薄(bo)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)罩面(mian)(mian)等(deng)其(qi)(qi)他養(yang)(yang)(yang)護(hu)技(ji)術(shu),為(wei)(wei)使(shi)養(yang)(yang)(yang)護(hu)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)與原有(you)道(dao)(dao)(dao)路(lu)(lu)結構(gou)(gou)物平順連接,通常(chang)需要(yao)先(xian)將(jiang)原路(lu)(lu)面(mian)(mian)銑刨(bao)一定(ding)(ding)深(shen)度或者(zhe)將(jiang)原有(you)道(dao)(dao)(dao)路(lu)(lu)結構(gou)(gou)物挖出后重新調整其(qi)(qi)標(biao)高(gao)(gao),使(shi)養(yang)(yang)(yang)護(hu)工作費工、費時(shi)。因此,1 種厚(hou)度介于霧(wu)(wu)封(feng)(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和(he)稀(xi)漿(jiang)(jiang)封(feng)(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)性能養(yang)(yang)(yang)護(hu)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(發展自含砂霧(wu)(wu)封(feng)(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao))——薄(bo)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)膠漿(jiang)(jiang)封(feng)(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao),成為(wei)(wei)市政(zheng)道(dao)(dao)(dao)路(lu)(lu)預(yu)防性養(yang)(yang)(yang)護(hu)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)研究(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)對(dui)象(xiang)。
近年來,從(cong)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不同(tong)養(yang)(yang)護結(jie)構的邊緣發展出新(xin)的材料結(jie)構品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)成為道路預(yu)防性(xing)養(yang)(yang)護新(xin)工(gong)藝、新(xin)結(jie)構的發展趨勢(shi)。通過借鑒稀漿封層(ceng)技術,在霧(wu)封層(ceng)材料中加(jia)入(ru)砂以起到(dao)改善路面摩擦性(xing)能的作(zuo)用,該種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)材料被稱作(zuo)含砂霧(wu)封層(ceng)材料。
最早(zao)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)含(han)砂(sha)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)封(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)產品來(lai)源于美(mei)國(guo)的(de)(de)SUPREME。目前我國(guo)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)含(han)砂(sha)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)封(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)幾(ji)乎都來(lai)自于國(guo)外,如用(yong)(yong)(yong)美(mei)國(guo)西爾(er)瑪公(gong)司(si)(si)生(sheng)產的(de)(de)MS 濃縮料(liao)(liao)和塔(ta)夫添加(jia)劑(ji)摻入玄武(wu)巖砂(sha)攪拌(ban)制(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)的(de)(de)含(han)砂(sha)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)封(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)混合料(liao)(liao);用(yong)(yong)(yong)美(mei)國(guo)INVIA 公(gong)司(si)(si)生(sheng)產的(de)(de)COODONEAMRT含(han)砂(sha)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)封(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)劑(ji)摻入金剛砂(sha)攪拌(ban)制(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)的(de)(de)含(han)砂(sha)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)封(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)混合料(liao)(liao)等。通過增加(jia)養護(hu)層(ceng)(ceng)厚(hou)度(du)(du)來(lai)擴展其功(gong)能和提高其耐久性,也(ye)是道路預防性養護(hu)新(xin)工藝、新(xin)結構的(de)(de)發(fa)展趨(qu)勢,新(xin)型(xing)的(de)(de)含(han)砂(sha)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)封(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)通常(chang)可(ke)以(yi)適應更大(da)的(de)(de)養護(hu)層(ceng)(ceng)厚(hou)度(du)(du)。2012 年上海某公(gong)司(si)(si)與美(mei)國(guo)INVIA 公(gong)司(si)(si)合作開發(fa)的(de)(de)瀝青瑪蹄脂薄漿封(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)材(cai)料(liao)(liao),其中添加(jia)了一定(ding)級配的(de)(de)細骨料(liao)(liao),使養護(hu)層(ceng)(ceng)厚(hou)度(du)(du)達到1.0~1.8 mm。美(mei)國(guo)CPM公(gong)司(si)(si)用(yong)(yong)(yong)Steelguard 材(cai)料(liao)(liao)摻入石料(liao)(liao)制(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)的(de)(de)超表處(Sealcoating)材(cai)料(liao)(liao),是1種依靠懸(xuan)浮(fu)系統來(lai)維持均勻(yun)穩定(ding)性和懸(xuan)浮(fu)效果的(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)(liao),以(yi)支持更大(da)的(de)(de)養護(hu)層(ceng)(ceng)鋪設厚(hou)度(du)(du)。
經對(dui)上(shang)述(shu)新(xin)型含(han)砂(sha)(sha)霧封(feng)(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)材料(liao)的(de)研(yan)究進(jin)(jin)而(er)開(kai)發出的(de)薄層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)膠(jiao)漿封(feng)(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)材料(liao)是1種新(xin)型噴灑式封(feng)(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)材料(liao),其(qi)(qi)能(neng)在(zai)(zai)路(lu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)形成厚(hou)0.5~3.0 mm的(de)養護(hu)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),使(shi)養護(hu)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)與原(yuan)有(you)道(dao)(dao)路(lu)結(jie)(jie)構物高(gao)差在(zai)(zai)可平順連(lian)接范圍內(nei),原(yuan)有(you)道(dao)(dao)路(lu)無需(xu)進(jin)(jin)行特殊處(chu)理即可完成養護(hu)工(gong)作。薄層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)膠(jiao)漿封(feng)(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)材料(liao)通過(guo)改(gai)變材料(liao)結(jie)(jie)構、改(gai)良(liang)懸浮穩定(ding)劑以滿(man)足更(geng)厚(hou)封(feng)(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)施(shi)工(gong)和(he)(he)成型需(xu)求。該材料(liao)由高(gao)性(xing)能(neng)乳化瀝青與懸浮穩定(ding)劑組成的(de)混懸液、細砂(sha)(sha)和(he)(he)礦(kuang)粉(fen)組成,且均勻(yun)分布于(yu)材料(liao)體系中,可采(cai)用噴涂工(gong)藝(yi)進(jin)(jin)行施(shi)工(gong)。結(jie)(jie)構層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)與層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)間結(jie)(jie)合(he)的(de)界面(mian)(mian)(mian)處(chu)往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)易發生破壞,對(dui)于(yu)瀝青路(lu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)來講,封(feng)(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)與鋪(pu)裝層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)上(shang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)之(zhi)間存在(zai)(zai)著(zhu)薄弱界面(mian)(mian)(mian)。通過(guo)研(yan)究發現(xian),在(zai)(zai)薄層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)膠(jiao)漿封(feng)(feng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)材料(liao)中添(tian)加水性(xing)環氧樹脂可以增強其(qi)(qi)粘結(jie)(jie)強度,提高(gao)其(qi)(qi)與原(yuan)路(lu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)粘結(jie)(jie)力和(he)(he)抗剪切力,以至于(yu)更(geng)好地保護(hu)路(lu)面(mian)(mian)(mian),防(fang)止(zhi)路(lu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)病害(hai)的(de)進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步擴展,延(yan)長道(dao)(dao)路(lu)的(de)使(shi)用壽命。該做法對(dui)于(yu)市政(zheng)道(dao)(dao)路(lu)及其(qi)(qi)他道(dao)(dao)路(lu)的(de)預防(fang)性(xing)養護(hu)有(you)著(zhu)重要(yao)的(de)意義(yi)。